The Ganges River - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1012 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Gang Violence Essay Did you like this example? The Ganges River: See, Judge, Act Using the Catholic Social Teaching Method See the Ganges River: The Ganges River is approximately 1,560 miles long and is located in in India and Bangladesh. Much of the water comes from China, Tibet and Myanmar. The river is located in a large plain which includes a lot of fertile farming area.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Ganges River" essay for you Create order It is important to the hundreds of millions of people who live along its banks as a water source and for transportation, power, and food. Over four hundred million people use the river as a source for water, cooking and bathing. The river is used as a source of water for irrigation systems for their crops. It also provides water for drinking and bathing. The river supports a great number of fish species which serve as a food source for the growing population. Since the river is not too deep, it is used for transportation and moving goods with the use of flat bottom boats, small sail boats and steamer ships. It is like a highway of water for trade and people. Both India and Nepal draw hydroelectric power from the river and its tributaries. These power plants have also contributed to negative environmental impacts on animals, plants and have even forced some people to relocate. It flows from the Himalayas at about thirty miles in altitude into the Bay of Bengal. The river also flows through Bangladesh a large populated city. While the region used to be rich in forest and wildlife, it is now mostly agricultural farm land which supports the people who live along the river. Over the years, the population in the river basin has been diverse, including different ethnic, cultural, and religious groups. However, the Hindu faith has considered the river central to their faith and religious practice for centuries. It is probably one of the most revered rivers by any religion in the world. Cattle are often given free use of the river and since they are also considered a religious symbol, they are protected and allowed to roam free including eating garbage from the river. Ganges or Ganga in Hindi is important to the Hindu religion. Hindus believe the river personifies the goddess Ganga and when you bathe in the river, your sins are gone and you can be released from the cycle of life. So many followers bathe in the river. They also are buried in the river. Judge the Ganges: With the hundreds of millions of people living along the river, the pollution of the river is a major issue. Many cities pump untreated sewer into the river. Many people and cities dump raw garbage into the river hoping it will carry it away from them. With all of the farms, runoff that includes pesticides also contributes to the pollution and can affect humans and animals that use the river for drinking water or bathing. The pollution affects the plant life in and around the river. It can generate many bacteria which can make people and animals sick. The Hindu faith believes all living things are part of God and should be revere. They revere the Ganges. But how will the Ganges continue to live if everyone keeps allowing it to be polluted? Pope Francis in Laudato Si speaks about the interconnectedness of all humanity with respect to the environment (Francis, 2015). The Hindus cannot prevent the continued pollution of the river on their own. They have to get all of the people, regardless of being different religions to work together to protect the river and clean it up. Using the theory of Praxis, the followers of Hindu as well as other religions who also believe that taking care of the planet is important to their faith, need to work together to turn their ethical beliefs based on their faith into a plan of action to clean up and protect the Ganges. In the Catholic faith, Jesus would and Pope Francis would say that we should all work together to stop the pollution clean and protect the river. All life is sacred and the Catholic faith teaches that we have to take care of the planet as good stewards. We must protect the life that lives in and along the river. This includes fish, animals, plants and people. As importantly, each of us must learn about the other faith so that we can work together in a way that is not offensive, but instead look for common beliefs and values from which to take action. Pope Benedict and Pope Francis have taught that the environment belongs to all of us as it does not have any borders. Just as the Ganges flows across countries and borders, the air we breathe blows around the planet. We must be work together to solve the pollution problems and it is our responsibility to take care of pollution where ever it is as eventually, it will affect all of Gods creatures. We have an obligation to prevent that from happening. So many religions, Islam, Judaism and other believe the environment should be protected based on the tenets of their faith. The Indian government has tried many approaches to clean up the Ganges. They created various agencies and groups, but nothing has worked. Maybe the solution lies in our common faith based values and ethics. The Indian government could make the cleaning up and protection of the Ganges an exercise of faith. All of the other faiths would have to take the time to understand the Hindu faiths reverence for the Ganges, and ensure they approach the problem with the sensitivity needed to be respectful of their beliefs. But this would be a great time for the different religions to come to some understanding and work together on a real world problem, and actually solve the problem. In this way, we all put our faith into practice in real world experience and make our planet that we all must share better for all of us. We can then take this model of cooperation and use it in other places on the planet.

The Manhattan Project Essay - 941 Words

The Atomic Bomb The research for the first Atomic bomb took place in the United States, by a group of nuclear engineers; the name of this research was called, â€Å"The Manhattan Project†. On July 16, 1945, the detonation of the first atomic bomb was tested near Los Alamos, New Mexico. As the atomic bomb was detonated, it sent shock-waves across the globe, which demonstrated that nuclear power would forever change the meaning of war. To create a nuclear bomb, nuclear fission must occur. The process of nuclear fission was splitting the nucleus of an atom. Splitting an atom was caused by neutrons firing through one atom and then that atom’s neutrons shoot off into other atoms, starting a chain reaction. In October of 1934, Enrico Fermi, and†¦show more content†¦Oppenheimer had named the first tested nuclear explosion â€Å"Trinity†. This test was for the implosion-design plutonium bomb, which had the same design as Fat Man, dropped on Nagasaki. After the successful test ing of Trinity, Oppenheimer quoted from the Bhagavad Gita, â€Å"If radiance of a thousand suns were to burst at once into the sky, that would be like the splendor of the mighty one. Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.† Leo Szilard was a Hungarian Physicist who dedicated himself to learning how to create a successful chain reaction to make an atomic bomb before the Germans had a chance to do so. Szilard convinced Albert Einstein to help research with him on how to create an atomic bomb. The â€Å"Einstein-Szilard† letter, sent to President Franklin D. Roosevelt led to the foundation of research into nuclear fission by the United States government. This ultimately encouraged the development of the program, the Manhattan Project. Albert Einstein wrote a letter to the Belgian Ambassador to stop selling uranium to the Germans so they could slow their progress on the atomic bomb. He also wrote a letter to President Roosevelt announcing the importance of the Unit ed States to create the bomb before other countries. Other than writing and signing letters, Einstein himself did not play a role in developing the atomic bomb. Enrico Fermi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1938 for his workShow MoreRelatedThe Manhattan Project1114 Words   |  5 PagesThe Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project was to see if making an atomic bomb possible. The success of this project would forever change the world forever making it known that something this powerful can be manmade. The Manhattan Project’s success was something that had an impact on everybody involved since they helped create something with so much destructive power it could destroy a city within seconds. 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Introduction Which President form the Atomic Bomb in why? The agencies leading up to the Manhattan Project were first formed in 1939 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt U.S. intelligence operatives reported that scientists workingRead MoreThe Manhattan Project : The York Project2877 Words   |  12 PagesHonors - Period 3 30 November 2014 The Manhattan Project Everyone has secrets, even the U.S. Government. The Manhattan project was one of the many secrets the Government kept from the United States until after the damage was done. What was the Manhattan Project? The manhattan project was a multi-billion dollar enterprise, 2.2 billion to be exact, that provided U.S. Military forces with the single most destructive weapon known to man; the atomic bomb. The project was to be a kept at high secrecy fromRead MoreEssay on Manhattan Project1664 Words   |  7 Pagesamp;quot;The Manhattan Projectamp;quot;. On Monday July 16th, 1945, a countdown for the detonation of the first atomic bomb took place near Los Alamos, New Mexico. This atomic bomb testing would forever change the meaning of war. As the atomic bomb was detonated it sent shock-waves all over the world. There was endless research done on the bomb in the United States. The research was called amp;quot;The Manhattan Engineer District Projectamp;quot; but it was more commonly known as qu ot;The Manhattan ProjectRead MoreThe Manhattan Project Essay545 Words   |  3 PagesThe Manhattan Project was a very important event throughout the World War II history. It began the development of the atomic bomb and other nuclear weapons that were of good help during the war. It first began with a German scientist separating the uranium atom, which made people be scared of what Hitler might be capable of. Also Hitler and his people had begun discovering new types of weapons that were useful for them in the war. Something that apparently Hitler did not quite think about, was theRead MoreThe Manhattan Project Essay901 Words   |  4 PagesThe world was shocked when the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan in 1945. The bombs were a result of years of research and testing completed by the nation’s top physicists in a top-secret project called the Manhattan Project. The Manhattan Project was a crucial development by the United States because it quickly ended the war with Japan. In August 1939, Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard drafted the Einstein-Szilard letter to send to President Roosevelt. The letter outlined the needRead More The Manhattan Project Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project was the code name of the America’s attempt to construct an atomic bomb during World War II. It was named after the Manhattan Engineer District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, because a lot of it’s earlier research was done in New York City. An atomic bomb is a weapon that uses the energy from a nuclear reaction called Fission for its destruction. The idea that mass could be changed into energy was predicted by Albert Einstein in the earlierRead MoreEssay on The Manhattan Project1934 Words   |  8 Pages Before the Manhattan Project, in the beginning there were many advancements in understanding made in the world of physics. These resulted in the recognition of nuclear fission and its potential as an energy source and as a potential weapon. Of these advancements none was more central and important than the development of the nuclear model of the atom, which by the year of 1932 contained a nucleus containing most of the mass of an atom in the form of two particles, protons and neutrons. This nucleusRead MoreAlbert Einstein/the Manhattan Project2254 Words   |  10 Pagesand evolution of the Manhattan Project and why did Einstein’s thoughts and involvement in the Manhattan Project change throughout World War II? Albert Einstein was undoubtedly one of the geniuses of the twentieth century. His work with gravity, relativity, light, and the universe helped to herald in a golden age for the study of science, of which scientists are still marveling at and studying today. Additionally, he was well-known for his participation in the Manhattan Project and the construction

Children and Family Relationship Bill 2013 Parental Uncertainty in Cases of Guardianship, Custody and Access Example For Students

Children and Family Relationship Bill 2013: Parental Uncertainty in Cases of Guardianship, Custody and Access In certain scenarios, where the law in Ireland fails to explicitly outline the rights of the parent, the judicial adjudication in relation to guardianship, custody and access is fundamental to ensuring that the well-being of the child remains secure. Although there is some sense of legal certainty in respect of married parents and their children, this is not consistent with the situation that non-marital parents sometimes face due to the outdated legislation of the Guardianship of Infants Act 1964(1964 Act) as amended. This uncertainty has been a catalyst for the drafting of the Children and Family Relationship Bill 2013 (2013 Bill). The 2013 Bill aims to establish a legal framework which can support the many divergent family dynamics which are present in twenty first century Ireland. It is hoped that such a framework will provide legal pellucidity in regards to the rights and duties of parents within a non-traditional family model. This submission will outline the law in Ireland today, while simultaneous highlighting the flaws and issues that are present within our legal framework in relation to parental uncertainty in cases of guardianship, custody and access. The 2013 Bill and its implications will also be addressed, accompanied by a critique of the relevant sections. Analysis Although the 1964 Act provides guidance and clarity in some circumstances, it fails to provide a definition of the precise nature or range of responsibilities that arise from being a guardian. However, the courts have accepted guardianship to mean the rights and duties of parents in relation to the raising of their child. More notably, this piece of legislation is also quite restrictive on who can achieve automatic guardianship of a child. Under s.6 a married mother and father of a child enjoy an automatic guardianship right, which illustrates the influence of the traditional marriage based family. This influence was also recognised by O Dalaigh CJ in the B v B case, where he stated that s.6 merely reaffirms the meaning of Article 42 of the Constitution. However, where a mother is granted automatic guardianship, regardless of her marital status, a father does not enjoy the same privilege. It could be argued that an unmarried father has similar rights to that of a non-parent as under s9 of the 1964 Act a relative of the child in question or an individual who has functioned as a loco parentis to that child can also apply for access, just as an unmarried father can. S.10 of the 1964 Act also outlines that an unmarried mother holds the position as custodian of her child. However, the father’s right to custody, like his right to access and guardianship is not automatic and can only be attained if an application is made to the courts. This was praised in State (Nicolaou) v An Bord Uchtala by Henchy J, as he regarded the mother’s right to automatic guardianship as in accordance with Article 40.3 of the Constitution. Given the difficulties and tensions that may surround cases involving separated or unmarried parents, S11 of the 1964 Act provides that a guardian may apply to the court for its direction on any question in relation to the custody or access of a child. In making such decisions the court must, in accordance with s3, always hold the welfare of the child as the first and paramount consideration. S2 of this Act provides a broad definition of the word â€Å"welfare†, which encompasses the religious, moral, intellectual, physical and social welfare of the child. This broad interpretation has expanded throughout the years, as can be seen in the Irish case law, such as the Supreme Court case of MacD v. MacD , where Henchy J quoted with approval, the dicta of of MacDermott L.J. in the English case of J v C. Section 3 of the 1964 was then claimed to have been granted constitutional protection by Finaly Geoghengan J in the case of F.N v. E.B. the C.O., H.O., and E.K. While this provision has been interpreted widely it has been argued that it falls short of the UN definition of the best interest’s principle. As a result of such short fallings, this Bill proposes to make many changes. Although most of the Heads within Part 7 of the Bill reproduce pre-existing provisions, it also includes notable changes, primarily in relation to unmarried parents which are evidently necessary. Part 7 of the 2013 Bill has proposed many changes which will undoubtedly be beneficial to many families who are presently living within a legal vacuum. Due to theses beneficial changes many organisations and groups have praised the 2013 Bill as a genuine advancement towards satisfying an important commitment in the Programme for Government 2011-2016. This attempt at improving our legal system was in response to many reports from the Law Reform Commission, such as the Report of the Commission on Assisted Human Reproduction 2005 and the Legal Aspects of Family Relationships 2010. The Commission acknowledged the intricacy of many family situations in modern day Ireland, and more importantly it recognised the problems that these families are faced with when dealing with the issues of guardianship, custody and access. The 2013 Bill aims to do this while also mirroring the implications of the 31st constitutional amendment to uphold the best interest of the child. It is submitted that one of the most crucial rights that a child is entitled to is the right to have their best interests held as a fundamental element in the reasoning of any legal decision making process which will affect them. Although this is not the only factor which is accounted for, its influence cannot be underrated. It can also be stated that the idea of holding a child’s interest in a high regard is not radical, yet the 2013 Bill does offer a new definition of â€Å"best interests†, which is essential for legal clarity. Head 32(3), of the 2013 Bill states that in order to decipher what are the best interests of a child the physical, emotional, psychological, educational and social needs of the child, as well as the child’s requirement for stability with regards to their age and capacity should be accounted for. These provisions are in harmony with Article 3 of the United Nation’s Conventions of the Rights of Children, (UNCRC), which declares that â€Å"in all actions concerning children †¦ the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration.† The General Comment No. 14 (2013) on the Right of the Child reiterated this point and defined this principle as a three pronged structure. It held that the best interest principle consisted of a substantive right, a fundamental, interpretative principle and a rule of procedure. This resulted in member states having a number of obligations in regards to upholding this right for children. Ireland attempted to implicate the â€Å"best interests† principle within its domestic law through the 31st Constitutional Amendment, which resulted in the insertion of Article 42A. However, it is argued that the principle is not completely enshrined within Irish policy. The UN Committee’s requirement that a child’s best interest must be always taken in to consideration is not always complied with in Ireland. Evidently this has profound effects on the welfare of a child. However, this principle is indeed included throughout the 2013 Bill. This is seen as a positive step taken by the Irish legislator; however criticism has been made that it could have been implemented in other Heads of this Bill. Although the 2013 Bill has received some criticism, it has mainly been praised for the clarity it brings to the law in this area. Head 32(3) decreases the ambiguity that previously surrounded the issue of how the best interests of a child are to be determined. Perhaps the most powerful provision within this Bill, is Head 32(1) which stipulates that the best interests of the child must be the prime consideration in cases relating to guardianship, custody and access. This raises the question as to why this right is not the prime consideration of all issues relating to children. Although the majority of these changes seem to be positive, it is claimed by some organisations that the Oireachtas must be more considerate of the duty to respect family life under Article 7 Charter of Fundamental Rights and Article 8 European Convention on Human Rights. These provisions are primarily functional in their nature and therefore any other provisions which hinder the functionality of the family may be declared as incompatible with these laws. This illustrates that the proposed Bill still contains some flaws. Collier also perceives this Bill as imperfect and states that the model adopted by the Irish legislator held the father as predominately an economic provider, and subordinately a carer. He claims that this seemingly gender-neutral welfare and best interest principle is theoretically â€Å"anti-feminist†. It is submitted that a rights-based model, which moves away from the traditional family structure could encourage the recognition of the caring role of fathers. Perhaps one of the most interesting perspectives on the welfare and best interest principle of the 1964 Act and 2013 Bill, originates from the submissions of Bainham and Fortin. They claim that a â€Å"child-centred† principle is dysfunctional. Bainham’s theory is based on the ideal that children and parents simultaneously accept obligations to consider the interests of others. In an attempt to facilitate this model, he identifies parents’ or childrens’ interests as primary or secondary. An ultimate category of â€Å"collective family interest† is also provided for in this theory which submits that every interest should be balanced against another. This seems to be consistent with the Strasbourg â€Å"balancing† stance that was seen in the approach taken in Johansen v Norway . Eekelaar dismisses the welfare principle of the 1964 Act entirely on the basis that it does not give adequate recognition to the rights of children or of others. Instead, he offers a substitute ideal that concentrates on individual’s well-being. Under this model the interests of the children would be deemed privileged, but not paramount as they are now in guardianship, custody and access cases and all circumstances of a case would be considered, suggesting that this is a proportionality based ideal and not solely an ideal that follows ss6 and 3 of the Human Rights Act 1998. This dismissal of the convention based approach to the interest of a child was also advocated by Eekela ar. It is claimed that the objectives sought by Bainham and Eekelaar can be materialised by utilising the â€Å"parallel analysis† approach which is advocated by Choudhry. This approach is founded upon the reasoning used in the European Court of Human Rights, which considers all parties rights and interests, while concurrently providing for a special consideration of the interests of the child. This approach initially doesn’t seem that far-removed from what the 2013 Bill is advocating, yet these academic figures are paving the way towards a more transparent reasoning framework, which would ensure that the best interests of a child remained paramount and the perspective of others would be recognised. This call for change is hinged on the concept of individuality, which is in opposition to the concealed grounds which form the paramouncy principle. Impact on Society This Bill seems to advocate for an improved society as it aims to establish a greater equality between mothers and fathers. Smart has emphasised the prejudice that is enshrined in the 1964 Act. He claims that the dangers of this inequality are not rights-based; instead they are solely founded on the distinctiveness of motherhood and the â€Å"natural† connection a mother has with her child. Since the birth of their children, women are treated as if child-rearing is their imperative. As said by Vice-President of the European Commission Viviane Reding at the Citizens’ Dialogue in Dublin, â€Å"In Ireland, women become mothers but men do not become fathers†. As a result fathers are not granted the same privileges as women are, while mothers are not accounted for without speaking the â€Å"language of welfare†. By making improvements in the law relating to unmarried parents this Bill will be beneficial to the child, parents and subsequently society. The improvements in relation to cohabiting parents and the rights of unmarried fathers will have an extensive impact on society as it will affect so many people. In 2013, according to the Central Statistics Office, out of the 17,729 births, there were 6,243 births registered as outside marriage. This accounted for 35.2% of all births. There were also 3,545 births to unmarried parents with the same address, 20% of all births. Essay on Canadian Morality and the Law Conclusion It is obvious that the â€Å"best interests of a child† is a complex and intricate concept that consist of many aspects, which are constantly evolving. Although, today’s legal framework provides a general structure for addressing and identifying a child’s best interests , it is submitted that the new Bill will provide a more stable and fitting â€Å"contemporary legal architecture† on guardianship, custody, access and the upbringing of children in diverse family forms. Although the proposed laws may not be welcomed by all, they are arguably a necessity to ensure that the Irish legislation is providing a legal framework that is in step with the reality of the diverse and evolving family structures that we see today. Bibliography Acts ï‚ § Adoption Act 2010 ï‚ § Guardian of Infants Act 1964 ï‚ § Health Act 2004 ï‚ § Protection of Children (Hague Convention) Act 2000 ï‚ § Children Act 1997 ï‚ § Human Rights Act 1998. ï‚ § Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996 ï‚ § Family Law Act 1995 ï‚ § Child Care Act 1991 ï‚ § Judicial Separation and Family Law Reform Act 1989 ï‚ § Status of Children Act 1987 ï‚ § Courts (No. 2) Act 1986 ï‚ § Age of Majority Act 1985 ï‚ § Courts Act 1981 ï‚ § Health Act 1970 ï‚ § Succession Act 1965